National mandatory vaccination
National mandatory vaccination- National mandatory vaccination is a vaccination recommended by the state, and the state made the list of infectious diseases that people need to be vaccinated against, and set the standards and methods for vaccination to require the public under the Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Act and medical personnel to comply with them.
- The infectious diseases that people need to be vaccinated against are Tuberculosis (BCG), Hepatitis B, Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis (DTaP, Td), Polio, Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR), Japanese Encephalitis, Influenza, Chickenpox, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Diplococcus pneumoniae, Hepatitis A, and Group A Rotavirus Infection. All infants and young children are encouraged to be vaccinated against the above infectious diseases [Attached Table 1 of Guidelines and Methods for Vaccination (March 6, 2023, No. 2023-5 of the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency Notice)].
1. Tuberculosis
· Subject to vaccination
√ It is for all infants and young children.
· Standard vaccination time
√ It is recommended to be vaccinated within one month of birth.
2. Hepatitis B
· Subject to vaccination
√ It is for all newbornsand infants.
· Standard vaccination time
√ Vaccination recommended at 0, 1, and 6 months after birth.
√ However, if the hereditary antigen (HBsAg) is positive or if test results are unknown, vaccination is recommended as follows.
√ If the hereditary antigen (HBsAg) is positive: Recommended for the primary inoculation of immunoglobulin (HBIG) and hepatitis B be performed in different areas promptly after birth (within 12 hours of birth). The second and tertiary inoculations to be performed 1 month and 6 months after birth, respectively
√ If the hereditary antigen (HBsAg) test results are unknown: The primary vaccination of hepatitis B is performed promptly after birth (within 12 hours of birth). If the mother’s test turns out to be positive, it is recommended to inject immunoglobulin (HBIG) in a different area from the vaccinated area at the earliest time (within 7 days at the latest). The second and tertiary inoculations shall be performed 1 and 6 months after birth, respectively, after the primary vaccination.
3. Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis
· Subject to vaccination
√ It is for all infants and young children.
· Standard vaccination time
√ It is recommended to be vaccinated 3 times every 2 months, 4 months, and 6 months after birth.
√ It is recommended to be vaccinated 3 more times more at the age of 15 to 18 months old, 4 to 6 years old, and 11 to 12 years old.
※ Standard vaccination schedule
|
Type |
Standard vaccination time |
Vaccination interval |
Vaccine |
|
|
Basis vaccination |
Primary inoculation |
2 months after birth |
At least 6 weeks after birth |
DTaP |
|
Second inoculation |
4 months after birth |
4–8 weeks after the second vaccination |
DTaP |
|
|
Third inoculation |
6 months after birth |
4–8 weeks after the second vaccination |
DTaP |
|
|
Additional vaccination |
Fourth inoculation |
15–18 months after birth |
At least 9 months after the third vaccination |
DTaP |
|
Fifth inoculation |
4–6 years old |
DTaP |
||
|
Sixth inoculation |
11–12 years old |
DTaP or Td |
||
4. Polio
· Subject to vaccination
√ It is for all infants and young children.
· Standard vaccination time
√ It is recommended to be vaccinated 3 times every 2 months, 4 months, and 6 months after birth (However, the third vaccination is available from 6 to 18 months old).
√ It is recommended to be inoculated additionally at the age of 4–6.
5. Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR)
· Subject to vaccination
√ It is for all infants and young children.
· Standard vaccination time
√ It is recommended to be inoculated twice at the age of 12–15 months old and 4–6 years old.
6. Japanese encephalitis
· Subject to vaccination
√ It is for all infants and young children.
· Standard vaccination time
√ The inactivation vaccineis recommended to be inoculated twice every month between 12 and 23 months ofage to complete the basic inoculations, and the additional inoculations shouldbe administered three times when the child is aged between 24 and 35 months(one year after the basic inoculations were complete), 6 years of age, and 12years of age.
√ Live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) derived from hamster kidney cells is recommended to be inoculated once every 12 to 23 months of age, and a second vaccination is recommended after 12 months.
7. Influenza
· Subject to vaccination
√ Children 6–59 months of age are at high risk of complications when they are infected with the influenza virus and are recommended to be vaccinated every year before the influenza epidemic.
· Standard vaccination time
√ In principle, it is necessary to get vaccinated once a year.
√ However, children between the ages of 6 and 9 who have not been vaccinated in the past or have been vaccinated only once a year are vaccinated twice in a one-month period, and once a year after that.
8. Chicken pox
· Subject to vaccination
√ It is for all infants and young children.
· Standard vaccination time
√ It is recommended to be inoculated once every 12–15 months after birth.
9. Haemophilus influenzae type b
· Subject to vaccination
√ It is for all infants and young children.
· Standard vaccination time
√ It is recommended to be vaccinated 3 times every 2 months, 4 months, and 6 months after birth.
√ It is recommended to be vaccinated once more every 12–15 months after birth.
10. Streptococcus pneumoniae
· Subject to vaccination
√ It is for all infants and young children.
· Standard vaccination time
√ For infants and young children, it is recommended that infants be vaccinated with the pneumococcal protein vaccine once every 2, 4, and 6 months, and once every 12 to 15 months of age.
11. Hepatitis A
· Subject to vaccination
√ It is for all infants and young children.
· Standard vaccination time
√ It is recommended to be vaccinated the primary inoculation between 12 and 23 months after birth, and the second inoculation after 6–12 months (or 6–18 months).
12. Group A Rotavirus Infection
· Subject to vaccination
√ It is for all infants and young children.
· Standard vaccination time
√ It is recommended that the human-bovine reassortant vaccine be administered at 2, 4, and 6 months of age, and the human rotavirus vaccine be given at 2 and 4 months of age.
Checking whether vaccination is completed- If the Special Self-Governing City Mayor, the Special Self-Governing Province Governor, or the head of the Si/Gun/Gu requests the child care center, the day can center may check whether infants and young children have been vaccinated or not (Article 31(2) of the Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Act).
- After checking, infants and young children who have not been vaccinated will be vaccinated by the Special Self-Governing City Mayor, the Special Self-Governing Province Governor, or the head of the Si/Gun/Gu (Article 31(3) of the Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Act).
- The principal of a child care center shall confirm facts about the protective inoculation of infants and young children by utilizing the integrated vaccination management system prescribed in Article 33-4 of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Act each year on a regular basis: Provided, That in cases of providing child care services to an infant or young child for the first time, he or she shall confirm such facts within 30 days from the date he or she provides the child care services (Article 31-3 (1) of the Child Care Act).
- The principal of a child care center may guide the guardians of infants and young children found to have failed to be vaccinated as a result of the above confirmation, and if necessary, request the head of the competent public health center to render cooperation, such as support for vaccination, etc (Article 31-3 (2) of the Child Care Act).
- For the confirmation and management of whether infants and young children are vaccinated, principals of child care centers shall record and manage matters concerning protective inoculation and details thereof in the life records of the child care center (Article 31-3 (3) of the Child Care Act).